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1a) parenthood is simply defined as the “will” and ability of parents to respect and do the needs and aspirations of the family and children. ... It is the ability of a parent to meet and cater for the needs of the family and children according to his or her capability.
1b)Protection and defense: It is the responsibility of a father to protect and defend his family members in times of troubles.
ii) Assurance of peace: It is the primary duty of a father to ensure that unity, peace, love and harmony reign within his family
iii) Ensuring proper upbringing: It is the duty of a father to ensure the proper upbringing of his children.
iv) Training of children: It is the priority of the mother to train the children on basic household chores and help the children to be responsible.
v) Love and care: It is the duty of the mother to show love and care to the family
vi) Support: The mother should be performing the role of a helper; she should support the husband in his role. E.g. giving financial support, helping to training the children, giving reasonable advice to the husband and children
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2a
Values can be defined as the worth, merit or esteem Which a person, individuals or group of people in the society or community have for an objects or an idea.
2b
Types of Values
1. Positive values: positive values applies to things or qualities which are good, desirable
or worthwhile. For example, a student who respects self, the school authority, his
seniors and even his classmates is said to have positive value.
Also, positive values include: truth telling, hard work, obedience etc.
2. Negative values: negative value is the opposite of positive value. This is a bad value, unacceptable or worthless value that the society frown at. For example, a disobedient student or a student that tell lies is said to have negative value.
Also, other examples of negative value are; late coming to school, truancy, lying, armed robbery, indecent dressing , fraudulent acts, etc.
3. Intrinsic values: something has intrinsic value when it is good or desirable for its own sake and in itself. For example, good music, beautiful flowers, particular dress, type of handset, type of house and other value giving satisfaction to the beholder.
4. Instrumental values: this is value that persons attach to objects or things that can be used for achieving another thing. For example, a good knife, a good music, a good handset. Also, drugs can be an instrumental value because prescribed drug cures illness etc.
5. Absolute values : these are values that are not conditioned or stick to time, place or
circumstance. They are always positive, good and worthwhile. They are always refer to as eternal and universal values, they hold positive and good at all places, circumstances and at all times. Examples of such values are: trust, honesty, hard work, discipline, tolerance, obedience etc.
6. Relative values: these values depends on time, place or circumstance. This means that situation and current happening will determine the direction of the affairs. For example, killing is bad and it is an act that people frown at, but what of Euthensia (mercy killing) or killing a person to save one’s life. The case of another good example of relative value.
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Section B
6a Nationalism is defined as a love of their country and most citizens feel a sense of nationalism.
6b
1, a citizen in a democracy should have the duty to vote. If it were up to me, voting would be a requirement. What is wonderful about a democracy is that we choose who will represent us. There is no point to a democracy in which we do not participate.
2, a citizen in a democracy should have an obligation to understand the powers and duties of the government, generally set forth in a constitution. If we do not know this, the government that does not act properly has no checks upon it and can avoid carrying out its duties.
3, a citizen in a democracy should have the responsibility of knowing his or her rights, which are also generally set forth in a constitution. If we do not know what our rights are, they are meaningless.
4 a citizen in a democracy should always know who his or her representatives are. If we do not know who is representing us, we do not know whether or not that person is representing us properly, to whom we should complain if that is the case, or to whom we should state our own opinions and preferences.
7a
road accident refers to any accident involving at least one road vehicle, occurring on a road open to public circulation, and in which at least one person is injured or killed. Intentional acts (murder, suicide) and natural disasters are excluded.
7b
Over speeding
Brake failure
Bad weather
Bad road
Bad driving habits
Fatigue
(b)
-i- Distracted Driving : The number one cause of car accidents is not a criminal that drove drunk, sped or ran a red light. Distracted drivers are the top cause of car accidents in the Nigeria today. A distracted driver is a motorist that diverts his or her attention from the road, usually to talk on a cell phone, send a text message or eat food.
-ii- Speeding : You’ve seen them on the highway. Many drivers ignore the speed limit and drive 10, 20 and sometimes 30mph over the limit. Speed kills, and traveling above the speed limit is an easy way to cause a car accident. The faster you drive, the slower your reaction time will be if you need to prevent an auto accident.
-iii- Drunk Driving : When you drink, you lose the ability to focus and function properly and it's very dangerous when operating a vehicle. Driving under the influence of alcohol causes car accidents everyday, even when they are one the top causes that can be avoided. Always use a designated driver if you go out and drink.
-iv- Reckless Driving : If you don’t drive carefully, and you may end up in a needless car accident. That’s what often happens to reckless drivers who speed, change lanes too quickly or tailgate before causing a car accident. Reckless drivers are often impatient in traffic so be sure to take extra care around aggressive drivers.
-v- Wrong-Way Driving : Everyone has lapses in judgment, but when behind the wheel of a car,those clouded instincts can be deadly. You can turn down a street thinking it is a normal right turn, when in actuality, it is a one-way street in the opposite direction. When you go the wrong way, everyone is in danger because as you head towards a car accident.
-vi- Driving Under the Influence of Drugs : It’s not only alcohol that is dangerous when mixed with drivers on the road. Drugs, both legal and illegal, can impair your ability to fully function as a driver. If your mind isn’t clear and you don't have complete control over your body, getting behind the wheel can lead to serious car accidents.
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